WATER CONSERVATION PROGRAMME
Introduction
The nature can only sustain when there is equal balance between ecosystem and human system, the equal balance will create good quality life and unbalanced act will create worst quality of human life. In the rural areas the natural resource such as land, water, vegetation, livestock and livelihood are inter-linked with each other. Approximately 17% in the Indian GDP is contributed from the Agriculture and approximately 60 percent of the population is depending on the income from agriculture.
In the last few decades we are seeing that the environment is getting degraded and destroyed due to human’s greedy activities. This kind of unwanted activity and experiment with the environment has not only threatened to the various species but now human is also suffering from various effect of global-warming. This has breakdown the traditional local management connection between the human and nature.
Integrated Watershed Programme
Watershed is not simply the hydrological unit but also socio-political-ecological entity which plays crucial role in determining food, social, and economical security and provides life support services to farmers and rural people.
At the backdrop of less rainfall, depleted ground water conditions, crop failures, Govt. Of Maharashtra has declared more than 24,000 villages in the state as drought affected during year 2015- 16. Out of 1353 villages in Aurangabad district, 237 have been declared as drought affected in year 2015. To deal with the recurrent drought situation, Government of Maharashtra launched JalyuktaShivarAbhiyan on December 5, 2015 a flagship programme for making ‘Drought Free Maharashtra by year 2019’ enabling water for all.
Integrated water management and soil conservation Programme According to the Soil Conservation Society of America, a watershed is a geo-hydrological unit comprising land and water within the confines of a drainage divide.
The focus is on i) In situ water harvesting, ii) increasing ground water level, iii) increasing irrigation potential & creating facilities for protective irrigation, iv) creating decentralized water bodies, v) rehabilitation of existing water bodies through de-silting, vi) soil conservation vii) livelihood programme. It has been implemented various water harvesting measures and soil conservation by integrated approach through convergence of various ongoing schemes.
The benefits of the interventions has reach out directly to the farmers / villagers in terms of increase in ground water table in dug wells / bore wells, increase in area under protective irrigation, reduction in incidence of crop failures due to longer dry spell, increase in cropping intensity, increase in crop yields, all this has lead to increase in income & development of drought coping mechanism.
Implementation Approach and Significant Activities
- Water Resources Development comprising Nala Deepening & Widening based on existing & proposed water harvesting structures, Construction of Cemant Nala Bunds, Repair of existing KT Weirs, Farm Ponds etc.
- Promotion of Micro Irrigation system including drip and sprinkler irrigation.
- Agriculture Productivity Enhancement through demonstrations on biopesticides and fertilizers, horticulture development and community threshing units.
- Livelihoods Development for resource poor households through promotion of SHGs and taking up small enterprises like dairy, goatry, poultry and off farm activities like tailoring, paper dish making etc.
- Community mobilisation and capacity building through trainings, exposure visit and awareness campaigning..
- Project management, coordination, documentation
Role of Stakeholders:
- Villagers: the villager has contributed in the programme in-kind and in cash 16.10 lakhs for the success and completion of the programme.
- Local government Authority: the local government Authority support is very important because they are the one who clear the project work and authority like Sarpanch has helped in convincing the villagers for actively participating and supporting us for the work.
- District and Block Govt. department: the district and block government department help in the project work at the different stages of the project from time to time, like providing no Objection certificate and other required clearance. MGVS has shared all the required project information with the concern department so there is no overlapping/duplication of work.
Outcome of the Project:
After successful implementation of project under integrated water and soil conservation, following are outcome.
- 42 Water User Groups have been established from each structure and managing the operation & maintenance of water harvesting structures.
- Water harvesting structures benefitting 13538 hectare of area under protective irrigation in Kharif season.
- Water harvesting structures created storing of rain water every year in selected villages.
- Increased in ground water level of dug well / bore well has led to assured drinking water throughout the year and livestock. This has led to tanker free villages. Trained / capacitated water user groups have adopted efficient water management practices. It has led to increase in crop yield and thereby increased income level.
- Generation of self employment in watershed programme in the rural area.
- Women along with men have participated in the decision making process.
- Awareness on water and soil conservation
- Agro based small scale income generation has been created
- Crop growing area has increased.
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